TNPSC Elections Questions and Answer:
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Election TNPSC Notes and Questions:
TNPSC Elections Questions – Indian Polity
Electoral System in India:
- The electoral system in India has been adapted from the system followed in the United Kingdom.
- India is a socialist, secular, democratic republic and the largest democracy in the world. Modern India the constitution of India came into force on 26th January 1950.
Articles 324 to 329 in part XV of the Constitution make the following provisions with regard to the electoral system in our country.
(i) Article 324 of the Indian Constitution provides for an independent Election Commission in order to ensure free and fair elections in the country. At present, the commission consists of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners.
(ii) The Parliament may make provisions with respect to all matters relating to elections to the Parliament including the preparation of electoral rolls, the delimitation of constituencies, and all other matters necessary for securing their due constitution.
(iii) The state legislatures can also make provisions with respect to all matters relating to elections to the state legislatures including the preparation of electoral rolls and all other matters necessary for securing their due constitution.
Note: KudavolaI was the system of voting followed during the Chola period in Tamil Nadu.
Election Process:
- At the national level, the head of government, the Prime Minister, is elected by members of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament in India.
Note: We celebrate National Voters Day on 25th January in India.
In a representative democracy like ours, elections are extremely important. Voting in elections is the best way to make your ‘voice’ heard.
Introduction of the NOTA Option:
- If the people in a democratic country are not willing to elect any candidate, they can vote for the option called NOTA (None Of The Above). Rule 49-O in the Conduct of Elections Rules, 1961, of India describes this procedure.
Note:
- Voters Verified Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) is the way forward to enhance the credibility and transparency of the election process. This system was first introduced in the 2014 General Election.
- NOTA was first introduced in the General Elections held in 2014. India is the 14th country in the world to introduce NOTA.
Types of Elections in India:
- Elections are classified into two types: Direct and Indirect elections.
Direct Elections:
People directly vote for the candidates in the fray and elect their representatives. The following are examples of direct elections in which people over the age of 18 years participate in the electoral process by casting their votes.
(i) Lok Sabha elections, in which the Members of Parliament are elected.
(ii) Elections to the state Legislative Assemblies, in which the Members of Legislative Assemblies are elected.
(iii) Elections to the local governing bodies, i.e such as village panchayat, town panchayat, municipalities, municipal corporations are conducted by the state election commission.
Direct Elections Merits:
(i) As the voters elect their representatives directly, direct elections are considered to be a more democratic method of election.
(ii) It educates people regarding government activities and helps in choosing the appropriate candidates. Also, it encourages people to play an active role in politics.
(iii) It empowers people and makes the rulers accountable for their actions.
Direct Elections Demerits:
(i) Direct elections are very expensive.
(ii) Illiterate voters sometimes get misguided by false propaganda. Campaigning based on caste, religion, and various other sectarian considerations poses serious challenges.
(iii) Since conducting direct elections is a massive exercise, ensuring free and fair elections at every polling station is a major challenge to the Election Commission.
(iv) There are instances of some political candidates influencing the voters through payments in the form of cash, goods, or services.
(v) Election campaigns sometimes result in violence, tension, law and order problems and affect the day-to-day life of people.
Indirect Elections:
- Voters elect their representatives, who, in turn, elect their representatives this method of election is followed for the election of the president of India.
Indirect Elections Merits:
(i) Indirect elections are less expensive.
(ii) It is more suited to elections in large countries.
Indirect Elections Demerits:
(i) If the number of voters is very small, there exists the possibility of corruption, bribery, horse-trading, and other unfair activities.
(ii) It is less democratic because people do not have a direct opportunity to elect, but they instead do it through their representatives. So, this may not reflect the true will of the people.
Election Questions and Answers:
I. Choose the correct answer:
1. India has adapted the electoral system followed in the
(a) USA (b) United Kingdom (c) Canada (d) Russia
2. The Election Commission of India is a/an
(a) Independent body (b) Statutory body (c) Private body (d) Public corporation
3. Which Article of the Constitution provides for an Election Commission?
(a) Article 280 (b) Article 315 (c) Article 324 (d) Article 325
4. Which part of the constitution of India says about the election commission?
(a) Part III (b) Part XV (c) Part XX(d) Part XXII
5. Who accords recognition to various political parties as national or regional parties?
(a) The President (b) The Election Commission (c) The Parliament (d) The President in consultation with the Election Commission
6. NOT A was introduced in the year ____
(a) 2012 (b) 2013 (c) 2014 (d) 2015
7. The term pressure groups originated in ___
(a) USA (b) the UK (c) USSR (d) India
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. The Election Commission of India is a body of ……… members.
2. National Voters day has been celebrated on ………
3. In India ……… the party system is followed.
4. In 2017, there were ……. recognized national parties.
5. Narmada Bachao Andolan is a …………
Answers:
- 3
- 25th January
- Multi
- Seven
- Pressure group
III. Match the following:
1. National – a. Trade party unions
2. Single-party system – b. USA
3. Two-party system – c. China
4. Pressure groups – d. Seven
Answers:
1. (d)
2. (c)
3. (b)
4. (a)
IV. Assertion and Reason:
1. Assertion (A): Indian Constitution provides for an independent Election Commission
Reason (R): To ensure free and fair elections in the country.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
(c) (A) is correct and (R) is false
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
2. Assertion (A): A large number of pressure groups exist in India.
Reason (R): Pressure Groups are not developed in India to the same extent as in the USA.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) does not explain (A)
(c) (A) is correct and (R) is false
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true
Answer:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
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