Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Unit 6 Answers

10th Science Book Back Answers Unit 6 – Nuclear Physics:

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Samacheer Kalvi 10th Science Book Back Answers Physics Unit 6 – Nuclear Physics:

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10th Science – Physics

Unit 6: Nuclear Physics

I. Choose the best answer:

1. Man-made radioactivity is also known as.
a. Induced radioactivity b. Spontaneous radioactivity
c. Artificial radioactivity d. a & c
Ans : (d) a & c

2. Unit of radioactivity is .
a. roentgen b. curie c. becquerel d. all the above
Ans : (d) all the above

3. Artificial radioactivity was discovered by.
a. Bequerel b. Irene Curie c. Roentgen d. Neils Bohr
Ans : (b) Irene Curie

4. In which of the following, no change in mass number of the daughter nuclei takes place
i) α decay ii) β decay iii) decay iv) neutron decay
a. (i) is correct b. (ii) and (iii) are correct
c. (i) & ( iv) are correct d. (ii) & (iv) are correct
Ans : (c) (i) & ( iv) are correct

5. Isotope is used for the treatment of cancer.
a. Radio Iodine b. Radio Cobalt c. Radio Carbon d. Radio Nickel
Ans : (b) Radio Cobalt

6. Gamma radiations are dangerous because
a. it affects eyes & bones b. it affects tissues
c. it produces genetic disorder d. it produces enormous amount of heat
Ans : (c) It produces a genetic disorder

7. aprons are used to protect us from gamma radiations
a. Lead oxide b. Iron c. Lead d. Aluminum
Ans : (c) Lead

8. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
i) α particles are photons ii) Penetrating power of γ radiation is very low
iii) Ionization power is maximum for α rays iv) Penetrating power of γ radiation is very high
a. (i) & (ii) are correct b. (ii) & (iii) are correct
c. (iv) only correct d. (iii) & (iv) are correct
Ans : (d) (iii) & (iv) are correct

9. Proton-Proton chain reaction is an example of.
a. Nuclear fission b. α – decay c. Nuclear fusion d. β – decay
Ans : (c) Nuclear fusion

10. In the nuclear reaction 6X12 α decay ZYA, the value of A & Z.
a. 8, 6 b. 8, 4
c. 4, 8 d. cannot be determined with the given data
Ans : (c) 4, 8

11. Kamini reactor is located at.
a. Kalpakkam b. Koodankulam c. Mumbai d. Rajasthan
Ans : (a) Kalpakkam

12. Which of the following is/are correct?
i) Chain reaction takes place in a nuclear reactor and an atomic bomb.
ii) The chain reaction in a nuclear reactor is controlled
iii) The chain reaction in a nuclear reactor is not controlled
iv) No chain reaction takes place in an atom bomb
a. (i) only correct b. (i) & (ii) are correct c. (iv) only correct d. (iii) & (iv) are correct
Ans : (b) (i) & (ii) are correct

II. Fill in the blanks
1. One roentgen is equal to disintegrations per second. Ans: 2.58 × 10–4
2. Positron is an. Ans: Elementary particle
3. Anemia can be cured by isotope. Ans: Radio iron (Fe59)
4. Abbreviation of ICRP. Ans: International Commission on Radiological Protection
5. is used to measure the exposure rate of radiation in humans. Ans: Roentegen
6. has the greatest penetration power. Ans: γ–rays
7. ZYA → Z+1YA + X; Then, X is . Ans: beta
8. ZXA → ZYA This reaction is possible in decay. Ans : (Gamma)γ
9. The average energy released in each fusion reaction is about J. Ans: 3.84 × 10–12
10. Nuclear fusion is possible only at an extremely high temperature of the order of K.
Ans: 107 to 109
11. The radioisotope of help to increase the productivity of crops. Ans: Phosphorus 32
12. If the radiation exposure is 100 R, it may cause. Ans: fatal diseases like leukemia

III. True or False (Correct the Statement if it is false)

1. Plutonium -239 is a fissionable material. Ans: True.

2. Elements having atomic numbers greater than 83 can undergo nuclear fusion.
Ans: False. Elements having atomic numbers lesser than 83can undergo nuclear fusion.

3. Nuclear fusion is more dangerous than nuclear fission.
Ans: False. Nuclear fission is more dangerous than Nuclear fusion.

4. Natural uranium U-238 is the core fuel used in a nuclear reactor. Ans: False. Natural plutonium is the core fuel used in a nuclear reactor.

5. If a moderator is not present, then a nuclear reactor will behave as an atom bomb. Ans: True.

6. During one nuclear fission on an average, 2 to 3 neutrons are produced. Ans : True.

7. Einstein’s theory of mass-energy equivalence is used in nuclear fission and fusion. Ans: True.

IV. Match the following:

Question 1.

1. BARC	(a) Kalpakkam
2. India’s first atomic power station	(b) Apsara
3. IGCAR	(c) Mumbai
4. The first nuclear reactor in India	(d) Tarapur

Answer:
1. (c) Mumbai
2. (d) Tarapur
3. (a) Kalpakkam
4. (b) Apsara

Question 2.

1. Fuel	(a) lead
2. Moderator	(b) heavy water
3. Coolant	(c) Graphite
4. Shield	(d) Uranium

Answer:
1. (d) uranium
2. (c) Graphite
3. (b) heavy water
4. (a) lead

Question 3.

1. Soddy Fagan	(a) Natural radioactivity
2. Irene Curie	(b) Displacement law
3. Henry Becquerel	(c) Mass energy equivalence
4. Albert Einstein	(d) Artificial Radioactivity

Answer:
1. (b) Displacement law
2. (d) Artificial Radioactivity
3. (a) Natural radioactivity
4. (c) Mass energy equivalence

Question 4.

1. Uncontrolled fission Reaction	(a) Hydrogen Bomb
2. Fertile material	(b) Nuclear Reactor
3. Controlled fission Reaction	(c) Breeder reactor
4. Fusion reaction	(d) Atom bomb

Answer:
1. (d) Atom bomb
2. (c) Breeder reactor
3. (b) Nuclear Reactor
4. (a) Hydrogen Bomb

Question 5.

1. Co – 60	(a) Age of fossil
2. I – 13	(b) Function of Heart
3. Na – 24	(c) Leukaemia
4. C – 14	(d) Thyroid disease

Answer:
1. (c) Leukemia
2. (d) Thyroid disease
3. (b) Function of Heart
4. (a) Age of fossil

V. Answer the following incorrect sequence:

1. Arrange in descending order, on the basis of their penetration power

Alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, cosmic rays

Answers:
Gamma rays, Beta rays, Alpha rays, Cosmic rays.

2. Arrange the following in the chronological order of discovery
Nuclear reactor, radioactivity, artificial radioactivity, the discovery of radium.

Answers:
radioactivity, Discovery of radium, artificial radioactivity, Nuclear reactor.

VI. Use the analogy to fill in the blank:

1. Spontaneous process: Natural Radioactivity, Induced process: Ans: Artificial Radioactivity
2. Nuclear Fusion: Extreme temperature, Nuclear Fission: Ans: Low Temperature
3. Increasing crops: Radio phosphorous, Effective functioning of heart: Ans: Radio sodium
4. Deflected by electric field: α ray, Null Deflection: Ans: γ-rays

V. Assertion and Reason type question:
Mark the correct choice as
i) If Both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
ii) Both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
iii) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
iv) Assertion is false, but the reason is true.

1. Assertion: A neutron impinging on U235, splits it to produce Barium and Krypton.
Reason: U – 235 is a fissile material.
Ans : (i) Both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason
is the correct explanation of the assertion

2. Assertion: In a β – decay, the neutron number decreases by one.
Reason: In β – decay atomic number increases by one.
(i) If Both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

3. Assertion: Extreme temperature is necessary to execute nuclear fusion.
Reason: In a nuclear fusion, the nuclei of the reactants combine releasing high energy.
Ans : (i) Both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason
is the correct explanation of the assertion

4. Assertion: Control rods are known as ‘neutron seeking rods’.
Reason: Control rods are used to perform sustained nuclear fission reactions.
Ans : (i) Both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason
is the correct explanation of the assertion

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08 Apr 2022